a developing country

  boiling water 

  rising sun

a developed country 

  boiled water

  risen sun 

 

 the ruling class

 the exploiting class

 the ruled class

 the exploited class 

 

 

① There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light.

② He saw a flying bird and raised his bow.

③ I was satisfied with the exciting speech.

 

他嘴里衔着一本杂志，擦干净屁股后，穿好裤子，走出洗手间。

 

Holding a magazine with teeth, he wiped the bottom, pulled up the trousers and went out of WC.

1、He held a magazine with his teeth.

2、He wiped his ass.

3、He pulled up his trousers.

4、He left toilet.

① The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, adding （伴随）that he had enjoyed his staying here.

来访的部长对这次会晤表示满意，他还说，逗留期间，很愉快。

② European football is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world.

欧洲足球在世界80多个国家盛行，从而成为最受欢迎的运动项目。

③Seeing from the top of the hill, we can find that the city looks more beautiful.

Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful.

  

3. 现在分词作补足语

 

① Soon they could see the steam rising from the wet clothes.

② The missing boys were last seen playing near the river. 还原（主谓宾宾补—被动式）

The missing boys were last seen near the river.

playing near the river was seen.

还原They saw the missing boys playing near the river.

 

4. 现在分词的独立主格结构作状语。

 

① With his lips still trembling, he couldn't say a word.

②“ Mama! ” he cried suddenly, tears rolling down his cheeks.

③ Weather permitting, we'll go to the Great wall.

 

1)过去分词作表语，

 

Don’t touch the glass because it is broken.

He is quite pleased with the design of the dress.

2) 过去分词做定语：

 

The excited people rushed into the building.

We need more qualified teachers.   

 

过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面，相当于一个定语从句。

 

Is there anything planned for tomorrow?

The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager.

过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。

 

The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.

 The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success.

3) 过去分词做状语：

过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。

 

①表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。如：

Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.

Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.

 

②表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：

Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.

 

Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.